Battle+of+Germantown

== =OCTOBER 4, 1777 = BRITISH VICTORY

=media type="youtube" key="sJU_BBbu_LI" width="425" height="350" align="right"= Nathanael Greene John Sullivan William Alexander Francis Nash Henry Knox Anthony Wayne Adam Stephen Stephan Moylan ||< William Howe Charles Cornwallis James Grant James Agnew Charles Grey Sir George Osborn Sir William Erskine Robert Abercromby ||
 * < ** UNITED STATES ** ||< ** GREAT BRITAIN ** ||
 * < George Washington


 * William Howe ** (10 August 1729 – 12 July 1814) was a [|British] army officer who became [|Commander-in-Chief of British forces] during the [|American War of Independence] . Howe was one of three brothers who enjoyed being part of the military. He joined the army in 1746, Howe saw service in the [|War of the Austrian Succession] and [|Seven Years' War] . He is known for the capture of Quebec in 1759 where he led a British to capture the cliffs at [|Anse-au-Foulon]. Howe also was in the campaigns to take Louisborg, Belle lle, and Havana. Howe was sent to North America in March 1775, and arrived in May after the Revolutionary War broke out. After leading British troops to a victory in the [|Battle of Bunker Hill], He took command of the British forces in America from Thomas Gage. He was famous in North America by the capture of both New York and Philadelphia. However, badly planned British campaign for 1777 led to the failure of John Burgoyne's Saratoga campaign. He resigned his post as Commander in Chief, North America, in 1778, and returned to England, where he was active in the defence of the British Isles. He served for many years in Parliament, and was knighted after his successes in 1776. He inherited the [|Viscountcy of Howe] after his brother Richard died in 1799. He married, but had no children, and he died in 1814.


 * = Sir William Howe ||
 * George Washington ** (February 22, 1732 – December 14, 1799) was a military and political leader of the [|United States of America] from 1775 to 1799. He led the American victory over [|Great Britain] in the [|American Revolutionary War] as commander-in-chief of the [|Continental Army] from 1775 to 1783, and then wrote the Constitution in 1787. He was chose to serve as the first President of the United Stated. His leadership style established many forms and rituals of government that have been used since, such as using a [|cabinet system] and delivering an inaugural address. Washington is known as the "Father of his Country". In the late summer of 1777 the British under [|John Burgoyne] sent a major invasion army south from Quebec. General Howe in New York took his army south to Philadelphia instead of going up the Hudson River to join with Burgoyne near Albany. It was a major mistake for the British, and Washington went to Philadelphia to engage Howe. At the [|Battle of Brandywine] on September 11, 1777, Howe defeated Washington, and went to the American capital at Philadelphia on September 26. Washington's army unsuccessfully attacked the British garrison at [|Germantown] in early October. Meanwhile, Burgoyne was trapped and forced to surrender his entire army at [|Saratoga, New York] . [|[76]] It was a major turning point militarily and diplomatically. Washington's loss of Philadelphia pushed some members of Congress to discuss removing Washington from command. This attempt failed after Washington's supporters rallied behind him.

=__ **BATTLE** __= __Location__-North of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in the USA. __War__-American Revolution __Combatants__: The American Continental Army against the British and Hessian forces. __Size of the Armies:__ 11,000 Americans against 8,000 British and Hessians. __Uniforms,arms,equipment:__ The British wore red coats and headgear of bearskin caps, leather caps or tricorne hats depending on whether the troops were grenadiers, light infantry or battalion company men. The two regiments of light dragoons serving in America, the 16th and 17th, wore red coats and leather crested helmets. The German infantry wore blue coats and retained the Prussian style grenadier mitre with brass front plate. The Americans dressed the they could. As the war progressed regular infantry regiments of the Continental Army wore blue uniform coats but the militia continued in rough clothing. Both sides were armed with muskets and guns. The Pennsylvania regiments carried long, small calibre, rifled weapons. __Winner:__The British won the battle although failing to follow up the success, permitting Washington to withdraw and reform his army behind fortified positions. __Casualties:__The British suffered 500 casualties and the Americans suffered 1,000. 50 Americans were killed attacking the Chew House.
 * [[image:george_washington_stand.jpg width="337" height="455"]] ||
 * = George Washington ||

The **Battle of Germantown**, was a battle in the [|Philadelphia campaign] of the [|American Revolutionary War], and was fought on October 4, 1777, at [|Germantown] , [|Pennsylvania] between the British army led by Sir [|William Howe] and the American army led by [|George Washington]. After British victory in this battle [|Philadelphia] remained in British hands throughout the winter of 1777–1778.Germantown was an outlying community in 1777. After defeating the [|Continental Army] at the [|Battle of Brandywine] on September 11 and the [|Battle of Paoli] on September 20, Howe defeated Washington and seized Philadelphia. Howe split his army, keeping most of it near Germantown. Washington was determined to attack the British Army. In the main camp, [|Wilhelm von Knyphausen] led the British left wing while Howe commanded the right wing. The battle began with a heavy morning fog which caused much confusion. Unseen in the fog, about 100 men took refuge in the Chew mansion. When the Americans went to the Chew house, Washington made the decision to attack the position, which ended up with serious losses. The men of John Sullivan's crew became scared when they ran low on ammunition and heard cannon fire behind them. As they pulled back, [|Anthony Wayne] 's division collided with part of Greene's late-arriving wing in the fog and, after firing on each other, both retreated. With Sullivan's column out of the fight, units of the British left wing joined the fight against Greene and defeated his column also. The two militia columns succeeded in diverting the attention of the British flanking units, but made no progress before they withdrew. Despite the defeat, the Americans were encouraged by their successes. France, impressed by the American victory at Saratoga and the attack at Germantown, decided to help with the rebellion. Howe turned his attention to clearing the Delaware River of any future issues. After an unsuccessful attempt to draw Washington into, Howe withdrew into Philadelphia while the American army wintered at Valley Forge.